Hypertension

How is it measured??

•  measured with a blood pressure cuff and recorded as two numbers.
• Consist of diastolic and systolic.
• Systolic is the reading dat on top (pressure generated by when the heart contracts)
• Diastolic is the reading dat is below (pressure in the arteries while the heart is filling and resting btw heartbeats)
• Normal BP is less than 120/80
• Pre-hypertension is 120-139/80-89
• High blood pressure (stage 1)  is 140-159/90-99
• High blood pressure (stage 2) is more than 160/100

Causes:

1.  Factors that cannot be changed

• Age
• Race
• Socioeconomic status
• Family history
• Gender 

2.  Factors that can be changed

• Obesity
• Sodium sensitivity
• Alcohol
• Lack of exercise
• Use of oral contraceptive

Symptoms:

•  Headache
• Dizziness
• Nausea and vomiting
• Chest pain
• Heart attack
• Stroke
• Kidney faiilure
• Others

Medications:

• Diuretics (mild hypertension)
• Hydrochlorotiazide
• Calcium Channel Blokers
• Beta blockers

Prevention:

• Low fat diet
• Stop smoking
• Take medications as directed
• Reduce stress
• Maintain healthy weight

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